Social and ecological climate change vulnerability assessment in the Indus delta, Pakistan

Abstract Due to seawater intrusion into the Indus delta, Pakistan under changing climate scenarios, local communities of delta are threat land and livelihood. The present study was initiated analyze community perceptions about social ecological change vulnerability in Pakistan. About 500 permanent residents were interviewed using a well-structured questionnaire. IBM SPSS software used data based on Pearson chi-square, Goodman, Kruskal's analyses, Foster Greer Thorbeck (FGT) techniques. Analysis revealed that people had poor infrastructure living standards, limited activities. Most illiterate, average family size 11. On average, 4.7 members lived single room, most houses made wood. Based FGT techniques, 88.4% population below poverty line. statistical analysis identified as significant parameters affecting soil fertility, water quality, vegetation, mangroves, A large portion respondents strongly demanded ensured freshwater flow save ecosystem, resources, livelihood communities.